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Objective To investigate neurosurgeons' knowledge,attitude and practice toward deceased organ donation and provide a reference to increase organ donation rate.Method In July 2015,150 questionnaires were issued to neurosurgeons from 36 hospitals in the Jilin province.Result 142 effective questionnaires were obtained.Neurosurgeons' knowledge toward deceased organdonation was relatively good in the whole.100％ (142/142) neurosurgeons were in favor of organ donation in public hospitals.95.8％ (136/142) neurosurgeons were willing to cooperate in organ donation and 100％ (142/142) approved legislation on brain death in China.97.2％ (138/142) were in favor of economic compensation for organ donor's family.100％ (142/142) neurosurgeons encountered to potential organ donors in the process of practice,but 71.8％ (102/142) prompted potential organ donors' families actively and initiatively to donate.Compared with physicians with junior titles,senior physicians had more active coordination donation behavior (x2 =12.133,P=0.002).The neurosurgeons,who had higher correct answer rate about the knowledge of organ donation,were more likely to take the initiative to coordinate organ donation (x2 =16.131,P＜0.001).Conclusion Professional training for neurosurgeon organ donation will contribute to promote potential organ donors in neurosurgery into actual organ donors.
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Objective To investigate the correlation of M-type phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R) genetic polymorphism in two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN) of Chinese Han population in Northeast China.Methods A total of 327 individuals were enrolled in the study including 95 adult patients with biopsy-proved IMN (IMN group) followed up for (25.4±11.6) months and 232 healthy people identified by healthy examination in China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University (HC group).Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was used to detect the genotype and allele frequency of rs35771982 and rs3828323 site in PLA2R gene.The x2 test was performed to compare the distribution difference of allelic frequency and genotype frequency of the two sites in PLA2R gene between two groups.Unconditional Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the risk factor of IMN.Results IMN and HC group were matched in male predominance and body mass index (BMI).Patients with IMN were older than the healthy controls and had higher Scr,serum total cholesterol (TC),24-hour urine protein level and lower serum albumin (Alb) level,lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) than the healthy controls (all P ＜ 0.01).The CC genotype frequency and the C allele frequency at SNP rs35771982 site of PLA2R gene in IMN group were significantly higher than those in HC group (x2=13.658,P=0.001;x2=15.315,P=9.10× 10-5),whereas there was no distribution difference of genotype and allele frequency at rs3828323 site between two groups (x2=2.844,P =0.241; x2 =2.959,P=0.085).The CC genotype at rs35771982 site in patients with IMN was not related to,age,gender,BMI,blood pressure and several laboratory indexes such as Alb,TC,Scr,eGFR and 24-hour urine protein level (all P ＞ 0.05).Unconditional Logistic regression analysis revealed that the genotype at rs35771982,age,TC,Scr and eGFR were correlated with IMN occurrence.The CC genotype at rs35771982 was the risk factor of IMN (OR =4.408,95％CI 1.488-13.058).Conclusions The CC genotype and C allele at rs35771982 site in PLA2R may be associated with the susceptibility to IMN,whereas the correlation between gene polymorphism at rs3828323 site and IMN is not demonstrated.The CC genotype at rs35771982 is the independent risk factor of IMN in Chinese Han population in Northeast China.
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Objective To investigate the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics of cerebral lesions,laboratory data and prognosis of patients with neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE) and evaluate the correlation of MRI findings,autoantibodies and prognosis of NPSLE.Methods Thirty-one patients with NPSLE admitted during Jan 1998 to Oct 2011 were enrolled into this study,including 2 males and 29 females.MRI characteristics of cerebral lesions,laboratory data and clinical outcomes were retrospectively analyzed.x2-test and Spearman's correlation were used for statistical analysis.Results Cranial MRI scans on admission were abnormal in 27 (87％) of the 31 patients,among which 17 cases showed diffuse manifestations,9 cases showed focal lesions in brain and 1 case showed brain atrophy.The percentage of cases with focal lesions in the dead group (86％) was significantly higher than that of the survival group (13％) (P＜0.01),while the percentage of diffuse lesion cases was significantly lower in dead group (P＜0.01).Although the mean lesion numbers in the dead group were fewer compared with the survival group,lesion numbers in brainstem (18％) (P＜0.01) or basal ganglia (29％) (P＜0.05) were much more in the dead group.The positive rate of anti-ribosomal P protein antibodies shown in the dead group (43％) was markedly higher than that in the survival group (29％) (P＜0.05).The positive rates of ACL in cases with diffuse lesions and cases with focal lesion were higher compared with cases showing normal MR images (P＜0.01).Furthermore,the positive rate of anticardiolipin antibodies (ACL) in cases with focal lesions (56％) were higher than cases with diffuse lesion (35％) (P＜0.05).There was no correlation between the seven types of autoantibodies and lesion locations such as basal ganglia,subcortical white matter,anterior and posterior horn of lateral ventricle,semiovale center,cerebral cortex,brainstem and cerebellum.Conclusion MRI findings and autoantibodies are correlated in patients with NPSLE and both of them may be used as prognostic markers for NPSLE.Focal lesions,location of brainstem and basal ganglia on cranial MR images,positive anti-ribosomal P protein antibody may predict an unfavorable clinical outcome of NPSLE; however,the correlation between ACL and prognosis could not be determined.
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Objective To study the effects of quercetin(QUE) on proliferation of rat glioma C6 cell line in vitro.Methods The cells were divided into 5 treatment groups(10,25,50,75 and 100 ?mol?L~(-1) QUE),blank control and menstruum control group.The rat C6 cells were cultivated to 1?10~6?mL~(-1) in the RPMI 1640 medium,then added into 96 holes board with various doses of QUE by 3 holes per group,and MTT assay was used to observe the proliferation of the cells treated for 24,48 and 72 h.The change of cell cycle was also observed by flow cytometry(FCM) after the cells were treated with 50 and 100 ?mol?L~(-1) QUE for 48 h.The changes of the protein P53 and Bcl-2 of C6 cells treated with 50 ?mol?L~(-1) QUE for 48 h were detected by immunocytochemical methods.(Results With) the augmentation of QUE and the extension of the treated time,the C6 cell growth was inhibited,the A values decreased and the cell number in G_0/G_l phase was increased,the cell numbers in S and G_2/M phases were cut down,and the decreased expression of Bcl-2 protein and the increased expression of P53 protein were also observed after treatment with QUE.Conclusion Inhibitory effect of QUE on C6 cell line is proved to be dependent on the treated time of the drug and the dose of QUE,and the induced apoptosis of C6 cells is implemented by the means of up-regulation of P53 protein expression and down-regulation of Bcl-2 protein expression.
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Objective To explore the CT and MR imaging characteristics of intracranial melanomas. Methods CT and MRI characteristics in five patients admitted to our hospital from June 1993 to June 2000 and diagnosed as intracranial melanomas were retrospectively analyzed. Results There were two cases of primary melanoma and three cases of secondary melanoma. All the cases were examined by CT. The lesions presented as high density in 4 cases, and low density in only 1 case. Four cases were examined by MRI. Short T 1 and short T 2 signals were found in 3 cases, and slightly long T 1 and short T 2 signal was found in 1 case. Conclusion There are some special characteristics of melanomas on the MR imaging, which are helpful to ensure the diagnosis and distinguish the primary melanomas from secondary melanomas.